fix(bank-sync): transaction matching, services, and worker updates

HISTORY.md

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 
 ### ✨ Added
 
+- **SimpleFIN pending transactions** — Bank sync now requests pending (not-yet-settled) transactions, which SimpleFIN excludes by default. The fetch URL gains `pending=1`, and `normalizeTransaction` records a `pending` flag (migration v1.01 adds `transactions.pending` + a partial index). Pending charges are imported and shown with a sky-blue "Pending" badge on the Data page transaction list, but are deliberately **excluded from auto-matching** — both the merchant-rule and score-based match passes skip `pending = 1` rows so an unsettled charge can never create a phantom payment that later vanishes. `insertTransactionIfNew` is replaced by an idempotent `upsertTransaction`: when a pending charge later settles under the same id, the existing row is updated in place (gains its `posted_date`, refreshed amount, `pending → 0`) rather than duplicated — and only then becomes eligible for matching. To handle banks that re-post a pending charge under a *new* id, each sync prunes pending rows for an account that are no longer present in the feed (tracked via a per-account seen-id set), so stale pending rows can't accumulate. The sync result and worker logs now report settled and pending-cleared counts. Debug logging traces each pending insert/settle/prune step.
+
 - **Autopay trust indicator** — Autopay is no longer treated as a binary flag. The tracker row's AP badge now shows a confidence score derived from the last 12 months of payment history: "✓ 12/12 successful" on a healthy bill, or "⚠ 11/12" in amber when even one payment was recorded as an autopay failure. A clock nudge appears when autopay hasn't been manually confirmed in over 90 days (or never). Hovering the badge shows a tooltip with full detail: success rate, last failure date and notes, and verification status. Inside BillModal, an autopay trust panel appears below the Autodraft Status select for existing bills: it surfaces the same confidence rate, shows a staleness warning if verification is overdue, and provides a "Mark verified" button that calls the new `POST /api/bills/:id/verify-autopay` endpoint and updates the timestamp in place. New migration v0.99 adds `bills.autopay_verified_at` (timestamp of last user confirmation) and `payments.autopay_failure` (flag marking a payment that was made because autopay silently failed). The PaymentModal edit dialog now shows an "Autopay failed — paid manually" checkbox on autopay-enabled bills or when the payment method is set to autopay, enabling retroactive flagging of past failures.
 
 - **Trend sparkline on amount column** — Each tracker row now renders a 44×16 px inline SVG polyline to the right of the expected amount showing the last 6 months of actual payment totals, oldest-to-newest, normalized to the row's min/max range. No chart library is required — the sparkline is computed server-side in `trackerService.fetchSparklines` (a single batched `GROUP BY bill_id, month_str` query for all bill IDs at once) and rendered as a `<polyline>` on the client. The chart appears only when two or more months of data exist.

client/components/data/TransactionMatchingSection.jsx

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import React, { useState, useEffect, useMemo } from 'react';
 import { toast } from 'sonner';
 import {
   Sparkles, CheckCircle2, Loader2, RefreshCw, Link2, Link2Off,
-  XCircle, Eye, EyeOff, Search, Plus,
+  XCircle, Eye, EyeOff, Search, Plus, Clock,
 } from 'lucide-react';
 import { api } from '@/api';
 import { cn } from '@/lib/utils';
@@ -670,7 +670,15 @@ export default function TransactionMatchingSection({ refreshKey, simplefinConn,
                       </td>
                       <td className="px-4 py-3">
                         <div className="flex flex-col gap-1.5">
+                          <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5">
                             <TransactionStatusBadge tx={tx} />
+                            {tx.pending ? (
+                              <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 rounded-full border border-sky-500/30 bg-sky-500/10 px-2 py-0.5 text-[10px] font-semibold uppercase text-sky-600 dark:text-sky-400">
+                                <Clock className="h-2.5 w-2.5" />
+                                Pending
+                              </span>
+                            ) : null}
+                          </div>
                           {tx.matched_bill_name ? (
                             <span className="truncate text-xs text-foreground">{tx.matched_bill_name}</span>
                           ) : tx.advisory_filter?.confidence === 'high' ? (

db/database.js

@@ -3344,6 +3344,21 @@ function runMigrations() {
         console.log('[v1.00] calendar feed token table ensured');
       }
     },
+    {
+      version: 'v1.01',
+      description: 'transactions: pending flag for SimpleFIN pending transactions',
+      run() {
+        const cols = db.prepare('PRAGMA table_info(transactions)').all().map(c => c.name);
+        if (!cols.includes('pending')) {
+          db.exec('ALTER TABLE transactions ADD COLUMN pending INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0');
+        }
+        // Partial index speeds the per-account orphan prune that clears pending rows
+        // which never posted (e.g. a pending charge that re-posted under a new id).
+        db.exec(`CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_transactions_pending
+                 ON transactions(account_id) WHERE pending = 1`);
+        console.log('[v1.01] transactions.pending flag + partial index added');
+      }
+    },
   ];
 
   // ── users: notification columns ───────────────────────────────────────────

routes/transactions.js

@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ router.get('/', (req, res) => {
       t.id, t.user_id, t.data_source_id, t.account_id, t.provider_transaction_id,
       t.source_type, t.transaction_type, t.posted_date, t.transacted_at, t.amount,
       t.currency, t.description, t.payee, t.memo, t.category, t.matched_bill_id,
-      t.match_status, t.ignored, t.created_at, t.updated_at,
+      t.match_status, t.ignored, t.pending, t.created_at, t.updated_at,
       ds.type AS data_source_type, ds.provider AS data_source_provider,
       ds.name AS data_source_name, ds.status AS data_source_status,
       fa.name AS account_name, fa.org_name AS account_org_name,

services/bankSyncService.js

@@ -56,19 +56,29 @@ function upsertAccount(db, accountRow) {
   return { id: result.lastInsertRowid, monitored: 1 };
 }
 
-// Insert a transaction, ignoring duplicates (unique index on data_source_id + provider_transaction_id).
+// Insert a transaction, or update one we previously stored as PENDING. A pending charge
-function insertTransactionIfNew(db, txRow) {
+// can change amount before it settles, and eventually flips pending → posted (gaining a
+// real posted_date). A transaction we already recorded as posted is final and left alone;
+// a row the user has matched or ignored is never touched.
+// Returns: 'inserted' | 'posted' (pending→settled) | 'updated' (pending refreshed) | 'skipped'.
+function upsertTransaction(db, txRow) {
+  const existing = db.prepare(`
+    SELECT id, pending, match_status FROM transactions
+    WHERE data_source_id = ? AND provider_transaction_id = ?
+  `).get(txRow.data_source_id, txRow.provider_transaction_id);
+
+  if (!existing) {
     try {
       db.prepare(`
         INSERT INTO transactions
           (user_id, data_source_id, account_id, provider_transaction_id,
            source_type, posted_date, transacted_at, amount, currency,
-         description, payee, memo, match_status, ignored, raw_data)
+           description, payee, memo, match_status, ignored, pending, raw_data)
-      VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+        VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
       `).run(
         txRow.user_id, txRow.data_source_id, txRow.account_id, txRow.provider_transaction_id,
         txRow.source_type, txRow.posted_date, txRow.transacted_at, txRow.amount, txRow.currency,
-      txRow.description, txRow.payee, txRow.memo, txRow.match_status, txRow.ignored, txRow.raw_data,
+        txRow.description, txRow.payee, txRow.memo, txRow.match_status, txRow.ignored, txRow.pending, txRow.raw_data,
       );
       return 'inserted';
     } catch (err) {
@@ -77,6 +87,25 @@ function insertTransactionIfNew(db, txRow) {
       }
       throw err;
     }
+  }
+
+  // Only refresh rows still pending in our DB and not yet acted on by the user.
+  if (existing.pending === 1 && existing.match_status === 'unmatched') {
+    db.prepare(`
+      UPDATE transactions
+      SET posted_date = ?, transacted_at = ?, amount = ?, currency = ?,
+          description = ?, payee = ?, memo = ?, pending = ?, raw_data = ?,
+          updated_at = datetime('now')
+      WHERE id = ?
+    `).run(
+      txRow.posted_date, txRow.transacted_at, txRow.amount, txRow.currency,
+      txRow.description, txRow.payee, txRow.memo, txRow.pending, txRow.raw_data,
+      existing.id,
+    );
+    return txRow.pending === 0 ? 'posted' : 'updated';
+  }
+
+  return 'skipped';
 }
 
 async function runSync(db, userId, dataSource, { days, debug = false } = {}) {
@@ -103,6 +132,16 @@ async function runSync(db, userId, dataSource, { days, debug = false } = {}) {
   let accountsUpserted    = 0;
   let transactionsNew     = 0;
   let transactionsSkip    = 0;
+  let transactionsPosted  = 0; // pending → settled this cycle
+  let pendingCleared      = 0; // stale pending rows pruned (re-posted under new id / dropped)
+
+  // Remove pending rows we hold for an account that are no longer in the feed — a pending
+  // charge that re-posted under a new id, or was dropped by the bank before settling.
+  const pruneOrphanPending = db.prepare(`
+    DELETE FROM transactions
+    WHERE account_id = ? AND user_id = ? AND pending = 1 AND match_status = 'unmatched'
+      AND provider_transaction_id NOT IN (SELECT value FROM json_each(?))
+  `);
 
   for (const rawAccount of accounts) {
     const accountRow   = normalizeAccount(rawAccount, dataSource.id, userId);
@@ -114,19 +153,32 @@ async function runSync(db, userId, dataSource, { days, debug = false } = {}) {
 
     if (localAccount.monitored === 0) continue;
 
+    const seenTxIds = [];
     for (const rawTx of txList) {
       const txRow = normalizeTransaction(
         rawTx, localAccount.id, dataSource.id, userId, rawAccount.id, rawAccount.currency,
       );
-      const outcome = insertTransactionIfNew(db, txRow);
+      seenTxIds.push(txRow.provider_transaction_id);
+      const outcome = upsertTransaction(db, txRow);
       if (outcome === 'inserted') {
         transactionsNew += 1;
-        if (debug) console.log(`[bankSync:debug]     tx ${txRow.provider_transaction_id}: inserted (${rawTx.description || rawTx.payee || '—'}, ${txRow.amount}¢)`);
+        if (debug) console.log(`[bankSync:debug]     tx ${txRow.provider_transaction_id}: inserted${txRow.pending ? ' (pending)' : ''} (${rawTx.description || rawTx.payee || '—'}, ${txRow.amount}¢)`);
+      } else if (outcome === 'posted') {
+        transactionsPosted += 1;
+        if (debug) console.log(`[bankSync:debug]     tx ${txRow.provider_transaction_id}: pending → posted`);
+      } else if (outcome === 'updated') {
+        if (debug) console.log(`[bankSync:debug]     tx ${txRow.provider_transaction_id}: pending amount refreshed`);
       } else {
         transactionsSkip += 1;
         if (debug) console.log(`[bankSync:debug]     tx ${txRow.provider_transaction_id}: duplicate — skipped`);
       }
     }
+
+    const orphans = pruneOrphanPending.run(localAccount.id, userId, JSON.stringify(seenTxIds));
+    if (orphans.changes > 0) {
+      pendingCleared += orphans.changes;
+      if (debug) console.log(`[bankSync:debug]   Account "${rawAccount.name}": pruned ${orphans.changes} stale pending row(s)`);
+    }
   }
 
   // Store any errlist warnings alongside a successful sync so users can see them
@@ -149,7 +201,7 @@ async function runSync(db, userId, dataSource, { days, debug = false } = {}) {
 
   if (debug) console.log(`[bankSync:debug] Source #${dataSource.id}: auto-matched ${autoMatched} transaction(s)`);
 
-  return { accountsUpserted, transactionsNew, transactionsSkip, autoMatched, matched_bills: matchedBills || [], late_attributions: lateAttributions || [], errlist: raw._errlistSummary || null };
+  return { accountsUpserted, transactionsNew, transactionsSkip, transactionsPosted, pendingCleared, autoMatched, matched_bills: matchedBills || [], late_attributions: lateAttributions || [], errlist: raw._errlistSummary || null };
 }
 
 // ─── Public API ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

services/bankSyncWorker.js

@@ -79,7 +79,11 @@ async function runCycle() {
     try {
       const result = await syncDataSource(db, source.user_id, source.id, { debug });
       synced++;
-      console.log(`[bankSync] Source #${source.id}: OK — ${result.accountsUpserted} account(s), ${result.transactionsNew} new, ${result.transactionsSkip} skipped${result.errlist ? ` [partial: ${result.errlist}]` : ''}`);
+      const extra = [
+        result.transactionsPosted ? `${result.transactionsPosted} settled` : null,
+        result.pendingCleared     ? `${result.pendingCleared} pending cleared` : null,
+      ].filter(Boolean).join(', ');
+      console.log(`[bankSync] Source #${source.id}: OK — ${result.accountsUpserted} account(s), ${result.transactionsNew} new, ${result.transactionsSkip} skipped${extra ? `, ${extra}` : ''}${result.errlist ? ` [partial: ${result.errlist}]` : ''}`);
     } catch (err) {
       failed++;
       console.error(`[bankSync] Source #${source.id}: FAILED — ${err.message}`);

services/billMerchantRuleService.js

@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@ function applyMerchantRules(db, userId) {
         AND t.match_status = 'unmatched'
         AND t.ignored = 0
         AND t.amount < 0
+        AND t.pending = 0
         AND (t.account_id IS NULL OR fa.id IS NULL OR fa.monitored = 1)
     `).all(userId);
   } catch (err) {
@@ -258,6 +259,7 @@ function syncBillPaymentsFromSimplefin(db, userId, billId) {
         AND t.match_status = 'unmatched'
         AND t.ignored = 0
         AND t.amount < 0
+        AND t.pending = 0
         AND (t.account_id IS NULL OR fa.id IS NULL OR fa.monitored = 1)
     `).all(userId);
   } catch (err) {

services/matchSuggestionService.js

@@ -185,6 +185,7 @@ function loadCandidateTransactions(db, userId, transactionId = null) {
     't.user_id = ?',
     't.ignored = 0',
     "t.match_status = 'unmatched'",
+    't.pending = 0', // don't match/pay against unsettled charges — they can change or vanish
     '(t.account_id IS NULL OR fa.id IS NULL OR fa.monitored = 1)',
   ];
   if (transactionId) {

services/simplefinService.js

@@ -96,7 +96,8 @@ async function fetchAccountsAndTransactions(accessUrl, sinceEpoch) {
 
   const basicAuth = Buffer.from(`${url.username}:${url.password}`).toString('base64');
   const baseUrl   = `${url.protocol}//${url.host}${url.pathname.replace(/\/?$/, '')}`;
-  const endpoint  = `${baseUrl}/accounts?start-date=${Math.floor(sinceEpoch)}&version=2`;
+  // pending=1 asks SimpleFIN to include not-yet-settled transactions (excluded by default).
+  const endpoint  = `${baseUrl}/accounts?start-date=${Math.floor(sinceEpoch)}&pending=1&version=2`;
 
   let lastErr;
   for (let attempt = 0; attempt < FETCH_RETRY_ATTEMPTS; attempt++) {
@@ -167,7 +168,9 @@ function normalizeAccount(rawAccount, dataSourceId, userId) {
 //   survives disconnect/reconnect (data_source_id is intentionally omitted).
 function normalizeTransaction(rawTx, localAccountId, dataSourceId, userId, accountId, accountCurrency) {
   const amount     = Math.round(parseFloat(rawTx.amount) * 100);
-  const postedDate = rawTx.posted
+  // Pending transactions report posted = 0 (or omit it) until they settle.
+  const isPending  = rawTx.pending === true || rawTx.pending === 1;
+  const postedDate = (rawTx.posted && !isPending)
     ? new Date(rawTx.posted * 1000).toISOString().slice(0, 10)
     : null;
   const transactedAt = rawTx['transacted_at']
@@ -192,6 +195,7 @@ function normalizeTransaction(rawTx, localAccountId, dataSourceId, userId, accou
     memo:                    rawTx.memo        ? String(rawTx.memo).slice(0, 500)        : null,
     match_status:            'unmatched',
     ignored:                 0,
+    pending:                 isPending ? 1 : 0,
     raw_data:                sanitizeRawData(rawTx),
   };
 }

services/transactionService.js

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ function getTransactionForUser(db, userId, id) {
       t.id, t.user_id, t.data_source_id, t.account_id, t.provider_transaction_id,
       t.source_type, t.transaction_type, t.posted_date, t.transacted_at, t.amount,
       t.currency, t.description, t.payee, t.memo, t.category, t.matched_bill_id,
-      t.match_status, t.ignored, t.created_at, t.updated_at,
+      t.match_status, t.ignored, t.pending, t.created_at, t.updated_at,
       ds.type AS data_source_type, ds.provider AS data_source_provider,
       ds.name AS data_source_name, ds.status AS data_source_status,
       fa.name AS account_name, fa.org_name AS account_org_name,

tests/bankSyncService.test.js

@@ -94,3 +94,71 @@ test('SimpleFIN sync skips storing transactions for unmonitored accounts', async
   const trackedTransactions = db.prepare('SELECT COUNT(*) AS count FROM transactions WHERE account_id = ?').get(trackedAccount.id).count;
   assert.equal(trackedTransactions, 1);
 });
+
+test('SimpleFIN pending transactions: insert, settle in place, then prune orphans', async () => {
+  const db = getDb();
+  const userId = createUser(db, 'pending-lifecycle');
+  const dataSourceId = createSource(db, userId);
+  const accountId = createAccount(db, userId, dataSourceId, 'pending-acct', true);
+
+  const originalFetch = global.fetch;
+  const mockAccounts = (transactions) => {
+    global.fetch = async () => ({
+      ok: true, status: 200,
+      json: async () => ({
+        accounts: [{ id: 'pending-acct', name: 'Pending Acct', currency: 'USD', balance: '500.00', transactions }],
+      }),
+    });
+  };
+
+  try {
+    // 1. First sync — one pending charge (posted=0, pending:true)
+    mockAccounts([
+      { id: 'tx-1', amount: '-42.00', posted: 0, pending: true, description: 'Coffee (pending)' },
+    ]);
+    let result = await syncDataSource(db, userId, dataSourceId);
+    assert.equal(result.transactionsNew, 1);
+
+    let row = db.prepare('SELECT pending, posted_date FROM transactions WHERE provider_transaction_id = ?')
+      .get('simplefin:pending-acct:tx-1');
+    assert.equal(row.pending, 1, 'stored as pending');
+    assert.equal(row.posted_date, null, 'pending has no posted_date');
+
+    // 2. Second sync — same id now settled (posted timestamp, pending gone)
+    mockAccounts([
+      { id: 'tx-1', amount: '-42.50', posted: 1772323200, description: 'Coffee' },
+    ]);
+    result = await syncDataSource(db, userId, dataSourceId);
+    assert.equal(result.transactionsNew, 0, 'no new row — updated in place');
+    assert.equal(result.transactionsPosted, 1, 'counted as settled');
+
+    const rows = db.prepare('SELECT pending, posted_date, amount FROM transactions WHERE account_id = ?').all(accountId);
+    assert.equal(rows.length, 1, 'no duplicate row created on settle');
+    assert.equal(rows[0].pending, 0, 'flipped to posted');
+    assert.equal(rows[0].posted_date, '2026-03-01', 'gained posted_date');
+    assert.equal(rows[0].amount, -4250, 'amount refreshed to settled value');
+
+    // 3. Add a fresh pending charge, then a sync where it vanishes (re-posted under a new id)
+    mockAccounts([
+      { id: 'tx-2', amount: '-9.99', posted: 0, pending: true, description: 'Snack (pending)' },
+    ]);
+    await syncDataSource(db, userId, dataSourceId);
+    assert.equal(
+      db.prepare("SELECT COUNT(*) AS n FROM transactions WHERE account_id = ? AND pending = 1").get(accountId).n,
+      1, 'pending tx-2 stored',
+    );
+
+    // tx-2 disappears from the feed (settled under a new id); orphan prune should clear it
+    mockAccounts([
+      { id: 'tx-3', amount: '-9.99', posted: 1772323200, description: 'Snack' },
+    ]);
+    result = await syncDataSource(db, userId, dataSourceId);
+    assert.equal(result.pendingCleared, 1, 'orphaned pending row pruned');
+    assert.equal(
+      db.prepare("SELECT COUNT(*) AS n FROM transactions WHERE account_id = ? AND pending = 1").get(accountId).n,
+      0, 'no stale pending rows remain',
+    );
+  } finally {
+    global.fetch = originalFetch;
+  }
+});